Methodology of time series of annual financial indicators
Data sources
Data source for time series is regular annual structural survey of enterprises from selected production branches (P5-01) completed by information from administrative sources. Since 2010 structural survey of small enterprises from selected production branches (P4-01), which was data source for years 2005-2009, was canceled and data are modeled from administrative sources.
More detailed information on P5-01 survey is available at
http://www.czso.cz/vykazy/vykazy.nsf/i/psz_2012_rocni_vykazy.
Basic population and sample
The set of enterprises falling under the survey reporting duty P5-01 is determined by the CZSO pursuant to the data from the Business Register.
Basic population for P5-01 is comprised of legal and natural persons entered in the Commercial Register and selected natural persons not entered in the Commercial Register. Economic activity of enterprises is determined by means of administrative sources.
Sample is divided into three parts:
Part of global sampling, which is surveyed exhaustively, i.e. active economic units with parameters for global sampling automatically fall into the reporting duty. It concerns the units, whose absence in the sample could reduce the data validity at the level of a certain branch, institutional sector or size group. Global part of the sample is subject to update during the observed period.
- Part of 100% sampling, which involves the sampling strata (simply a group of enterprises with the same economic activity and of the same size according to the number of employees), whose high population is important for correct process of imputations and the form of final outputs. Part of 100% sampling is not updated during the observed period.
- Part of stratified random sampling comprising all units, which do not meet the conditions of global or 100% selection.
Division into above described parts applies to the sample of all years in time series 2005-2010, but the boundaries between them are different in each years.
The limit for global part is set at the level of 50 and more employees in 2010. In addition, it included enterprises irrespective of the number of employees with annual turnover CZK 200 million or more and all representatives of the institutional sector Non-financial public enterprises (ISEKTOR 11001).
System of imputations
Comprehensive reform of statistical survey (see below in the chapter Revisions) also brought changes in the system of imputations. Since 2008 there has been a departure from the method of reweighing in favour of the imputation method. The administrative sources was incorporated into system of imputation in significant degree. In simple terms, on the basis of developments in the same stratum and the information from administrative sources, each unit (with 20 and more employees) or group of units (with 0-19 employees) is imputed the required data structure according to predefined relations between indicators.
In terms of annual survey P5-01, imputations are used in the following cases:
- Complete non-response. Data are imputed to units from the sample, which failed to submit the questionnaire. In case of non-response from very important enterprises with specific data structure and development, the survey results may be markedly distorted.
- Partial non-response. This case occurs when the unit filled a part of the questionnaire in high quality and the rest must be imputed. Typical example of partial non-response in the P5-01 questionnaire are some organizational units of foreign companies which are able to report truthfully the income and expenses achieved in the territory of the CR, but they are unable to distinguish the amount of assets/liabilities from the whole foreign mother.
- Estimations of parts not covered by the survey. The data are estimated based on the development of units in the sample and the information from administrative sources.
- Transition from lower to higher mutation. Units receiving the P5-01 questionnaire with simplified structure of annexes must be imputed at the most detailed level.
Revisions
Starting from 2008 the CZSO in accordance with other EU countries introduced the new international classification NACE Rev. 2 (CZ-NACE in the CR). Changes in some fields were significant and it was impossible to use the previously published data only with renumbered activities. The CZSO has developed a method of retroactive conversion of time series at the micro-data level taking into account the newly identified wrong classification of some enterprises in the period 2005-2007. Available data sources were newly used for imputations in the whole time series from 2005.
Year-to-year comparability
Year-to-year comparability of data is influenced by organizational changes, changes in principal aktivity, legislative changes, changes in accounting policies and not least by using new administrative sources.
Contents
Time series contain the data of selected indicators from enterprises classified according to the Classification of Economic Activities (CZ-NACE) in Section H Transportation and storage and Section J Information and communication.
More detailed information on the Classification of Economic Activities (CZ-NACE) is available at:
http://www.czso.cz/eng/redakce.nsf/i/classifications
Structure
Tables cover the data for sections H and J, which are further divided by two-digit code of CZ-NACE (divisions):
Section H Transportation and storage
Division 49 Land transport and transport via pipelines
Division 50 Water transport
Division 51 Air transport
Division 52 Warehousing and support activities for transportation
Division 53 Postal and courier activities
Section J Information and communication
Division 58 Publishing activities
Division 59 Motion picture, video and television programme production, sound recording and music publishing activities
Division 60 Programming and broadcasting activities
Division 61 Telecommunications
Division 62 Computer programming, consultancy and related activities
Division 63 Information service activities
Since reference year 2010 selected tables three-digit code of CZ-NACE (groups) are publised:
Groups 491 + 492 Passenger rail transport, interurban and Freight rail transport
Groups 493 Other passenger land transport
Groups 494 Freight transport by road and removal services
Indicators
Employed persons surveyed among enterprises or from administrative sources include the number of workers, i.e.: the registered number of employees (headcount), the number of self-employed persons and family workers, for whom it is one (main) job, persons employed on agreement (FTE according to hours worked).
Average registered number of employees is the annual arithmetic average of the number of persons in employment relationship with the employer.
FTE takes into account the full- and part-time employment.
Wages excluding other personnel costs include basic wages and salaries (wage scale, salary scale, contractual wage), payments additional to wage or salary, bonuses, rewards, compensation for wages and salaries, remuneration for standby duty, and other components of wage or salary.
Average monthly gross wage represents the wage excluding other personnel costs per one employee (headcount or FTE) for one month.
Sales, total include revenues (without VAT) from sales of goods, own products and services.
Output including trade margin includes revenues from sales of own products and services, trade margin, change in in-house inventories of own production and capitalization of materials, goods, services and long-term assets.
Trade margin is the difference between revenues from the goods sold and costs of goods sold.
Production consumption represents the consumption of material, energy and services (external services, entertainment costs and minor intangible assets, on which the accounting unit determines that it is not long-term assets).
Value added is output incl. trade margin minus production consumption.
Note: All financial indicators are quoted at current prices.